Pairing API

The Pairing API is a lightweight API for establishing an encrypted, protocol-agnostic communication layer between peers. Its purpose is to provide a secure channel for proposing protocols or sending requests between dapp and wallet.

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Installation

Web

WalletConnect currently offers Sign and Auth SDKs. To allow a reusable communication channel between peers, the Pairing API exposes a standard interface and allows for sending and receiving multi-protocol requests over a single pairing.

Each SDK uses the same implementation of core/pairing (via @walletconnect/core) to manage pairings. To run multiple SDKs side-by-side (e.g. Sign and Auth), please refer to the [Sharing a Core instance] guide.

iOS

Add SDK for your project.

You can add a WalletConnect Core SDKs to your project with Swift Package Manager. In order to do that:

1. Open XCode
2. Go to File -> Add Packages
3. Paste the repo GitHub URL: https://github.com/reown-com/reown-swift
4. Tap Add Package
5. Select WalletConnectPairing check mark

Android

Kotlin implementation of Android CoreClient for all WalletConnect SDKs. This SDK is developed in Kotlin and usable in both Java and Kotlin files.

Requirements

• Android min SDK 23
• Java 11

Installation

root/build.gradle.kts:

allprojects {
 repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
 }
}

app/build.gradle

implementation("com.walletconnect:android-core:release_version")

Project set up

To use initialize RelayClient properly you will need a projectId. Go to https://cloud.reown.com/app, register your project and get projectId.

CoreClient initialization

Before using any of the WalletConnect Kotlin SDKs, it is necessary to initialize the CoreClient. The initialization of CoreClient must always happen in the Android Application class. Provide the projectId generated in the Reown Cloud, the WebSocket URL, choose the connection type, and pass the application class. You can also pass your own Relay instance using the RelayConnectionInterface.

val projectId = "" //Get Project ID at https://cloud.reown.com/
val connectionType = ConnectionType.AUTOMATIC or ConnectionType.MANUAL
val application = //Android Application level class
[Optional] val optionalRelay: RelayConnectionInterface? = /*implement interface*/

CoreClient.initialize(projectId = projectId, connectionType = connectionType, application = application, relay = optionalRelay)

Using your own Relay instance

The CoreClient offers the ability to use a custom Relay client. Just creating an instance of RelayConnectionInterface and passing it to CoreClient.initialize.

...
val optionalRelay: RelayConnectionInterface = /*implement interface*/

CoreClient.initialize(projectId = projectId, connectionType = connectionType, application = application, relay = optionalRelay)

React Native

WalletConnect currently offers Sign and Auth SDKs. To allow a reusable communication channel between peers, the Pairing API exposes a standard interface and allows for sending and receiving multi-protocol requests over a single pairing.

Each SDK uses the same implementation of core/pairing (via @walletconnect/core) to manage pairings. To run multiple SDKs side-by-side (e.g. Sign and Auth), please refer to the [Sharing a Core instance] guide.

Unity

Install the WalletConnect.Core nuget package, which implements the Pairing API

dotnet add package WalletConnect.Core

Once the WalletConnect.Core library is installed, create a Metadata object. It will describe your application and define its appearance in a web browser. Then configure the Pair instance with a metadata object you have instantiated.

var metadata = new Metadata()
{
    Name = "my-app",
    Description = "My app description",
    Icons = new[] { "https://walletconnect.com/meta/favicon.ico" },
    Url = "https://walletconnect.com",
}

var options = new CoreOptions()
{
    ProjectId = "...",
    Name = "my-app",
}

var core = new WalletConnectCore(options);
core.Pairing.Configure(metadata);

.NET

tip

Since WalletConnectUnity is a wrapper around WalletConnectSharp, usage of the pairing API is identical to .NET. Please refer to .NET documentation on how to use Pairing inside WalletConnectUnity.

Package Installation

OpenUPM CLI

To install packages via OpenUPM, you need to have Node.js and openupm-cli installed. Once you have them installed, you can run the following commands:

openupm add com.walletconnect.core

Package Manager with OpenUPM

1. Open Advanced Project Settings from the gear ⚙ menu located at the top right of the Package Manager’s toolbar
2. Add a new scoped registry with the following details:
   • Name: OpenUPM
   • URL: https://package.openupm.com
   • Scope(s): com.walletconnect
3. Press plus ➕ and then Save buttons
4. In the Package Manager windows open the add ➕ menu from the toolbar
5. Select Add package by name...
6. Enter the package name:
   • com.walletconnect.core
7. Press Add button

Package Manager with Git URL

1. Open the add ➕ menu in the Package Manager’s toolbar
2. Select Add package from git URL...
3. Enter the package URL:

WalletConnectUnity Core

https://github.com/WalletConnect/WalletConnectUnity.git?path=Packages/com.walletconnect.core

4. Press Add button

It's possible to lock the version of the package by adding #{version} at the end of the git URL, where #{version} is the git tag of the version you want to use. For example, to install version 1.0.1 of WalletConnectUnity Modal, use the following URL:

https://github.com/WalletConnect/WalletConnectUnity.git?path=Packages/com.walletconnect.core#core/1.0.1

WebGL

Due to WebGL's single-threaded nature, certain asynchronous operations like Task.Run, Task.ContinueWith, Task.Delay, and ConfigureAwait(false) are not natively supported.

To enable these operations in WebGL builds, an additional third-party package, WebGLThreadingPatcher, is required. This package modifies the Unity WebGL build to delegate work to the SynchronizationContext, allowing these operations to be executed on the same thread without blocking the main application. Please note that all tasks are still executed on a single thread, and any blocking calls will freeze the entire application.

The WebGLThreadingPatcher package can be added via git URL:

https://github.com/VolodymyrBS/WebGLThreadingPatcher.git

Initialization

1. Fill in the Project ID and Metadata fields in the Assets/WalletConnectUnity/Resources/WalletConnectProjectConfig asset.
   • If you don’t have a Project ID, you can create one at Reown Cloud.
   • The Redirect fields are optional. They are used to redirect the user back to your app after they approve or reject the session.
2. Initialize WalletConnect and get reference to the instance of Core:

// Initialize singleton
await WalletConnect.Instance.InitializeAsync();

// Or handle instancing manually
var walletConnectUnity = new WalletConnect();
await walletConnectUnity.InitializeAsync();

var core = WalletConnect.Instance.SignClient.Core;

Usage

Web

The methods listed below are limited to only the public methods of the Pairing API that we recommend you interact with directly. For an exhaustive list, please refer to the spec and/or implementation linked under Useful Links above.

The keyword sdkClient is used here as a placeholder for any WalletConnect SDK that implements the Pairing API (e.g. signClient, authClient, etc).

 // Creates a new (inactive) pairing. Returns the URI for a peer to consume via `pair`, as well as the pairing topic.
const {topic, uri} = await sdkClient.core.pairing.create()

// Pair with a peer's proposed pairing, extracted from the provided `uri` parameter.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.pair({ uri: "wc:1b3eda3f4..." })

// Activate a previously created pairing (e.g. after the peer has paired), by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.activate({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

// Updates the expiry of an existing pairing, by providing the pairing topic and an `expiry` in seconds (e.g. `60` for one minute from now)
await sdkClient.core.pairing.updateExpiry({ topic: "1b3eda3f4...", expiry: 60 })

// Updates a pairing's metadata, by providing the pairing topic and the desired metadata.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.updateMetadata({ topic: "1b3eda3f4...", metadata: { name: "MyDapp", ... } })

// Returns an array of all existing pairings.
const pairings = sdkClient.core.pairing.getPairings()

// Pings a pairing's peer, by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.ping({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

// Disconnects/Removes a pairing, by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.disconnect({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

Listeners for pairing-related events

The Pairing API currently emits the following events:

• pairing_ping
• pairing_delete
• pairing_expire

Any of these events can be listened for via the standard Node EventEmitter interface:

sdkClient.core.pairing.events.on('pairing_delete', ({ id, topic }) => {
  // clean up after the pairing for `topic` was deleted.
})

iOS

Create an AppMetadata object. It will describe your application and define its appearance in a web browser.

Starting from WalletConnect SDK version 1.9.5, the redirect field in the AppMetadata object is mandatory. Ensure that the provided value matches your app's URL scheme to prevent redirection-related issues.

Then configure the Pair instance with a metadata object you have instantiated.

let metadata = AppMetadata(name: <String>,
                           description: <String>,
                           url: <String>,
                           icons: <[String]>,
                           redirect: AppMetadata.Redirect(native: "example://", universal: nil))

Pair.configure(metadata: metadata)

Pairing Wallet Usage

In pair wallet with dapp, the user needs to scan a QR code or open a deep link generated by dapp, then instantiate WalletConnectURI from the scanned QR code string and call the pair() function as follows.

let uri WalletConnectURI(string: <String>)
try! await Pair.instance.pair(uri: uri)

Now wallet and a dapp have a secure communication channel that will be used by top level APIs.

Pairing Dapp Usage

In order to pair dapp and a wallet, dapp needs to generate and share a uri with wallet. To generate a uri call create() function on Pair instance as follows.

let uri = try await Pair.instance.create()

Now you can share the uri with the wallet.

Android

Create Pairing

val pairing: Pairing? = CoreClient.Pairing.create() { error -> }

When first establishing a pairing with a Peer, call CoreClient.Pairing.create. This will try and generate a new pairing with a URI parameter that can be used to establish a connection with the other Peer as well as other meta data related to the pairing.

Pair Clients

val pairingParams = Core.Params.Pair(pairingUri)
CoreClient.Pairing.pair(pairingParams) { error -> }

To pair the wallet with the Dapp, call the CoreClient.Pairing's pair function which needs a Core.Params.Pair parameter. Core.Params.Pair is where the WC Uri will be passed.

Get List of Active Pairings

val listOfActivePairings: List<Core.Model.Pairing> = CoreClient.Pairing.getPairings()

To get a list of the most current active pairings, call CoreClient.Pairing.getPairings() which will return a list of type Core.Model.Pairing.

Disconnect a Pairing

CoreClient.Pairing.disconnect(topic = /*Pairing topic*/") { error -> }

To disconnect from a pairing, just pass the topic of the pairing to disconnect from (use getPairings() to get a list of all active pairings and their topics).

React Native

The methods listed below are limited to only the public methods of the Pairing API that we recommend you interact with directly. For an exhaustive list, please refer to the spec and/or implementation linked under Useful Links above.

The keyword sdkClient is used here as a placeholder for any WalletConnect SDK that implements the Pairing API (e.g. signClient, authClient, etc).

 // Creates a new (inactive) pairing. Returns the URI for a peer to consume via `pair`, as well as the pairing topic.
const {topic, uri} = await sdkClient.core.pairing.create()

// Pair with a peer's proposed pairing, extracted from the provided `uri` parameter.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.pair({ uri: "wc:1b3eda3f4..." })

// Activate a previously created pairing (e.g. after the peer has paired), by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.activate({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

// Updates the expiry of an existing pairing, by providing the pairing topic and an `expiry` in seconds (e.g. `60` for one minute from now)
await sdkClient.core.pairing.updateExpiry({ topic: "1b3eda3f4...", expiry: 60 })

// Updates a pairing's metadata, by providing the pairing topic and the desired metadata.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.updateMetadata({ topic: "1b3eda3f4...", metadata: { name: "MyDapp", ... } })

// Returns an array of all existing pairings.
const pairings = sdkClient.core.pairing.getPairings()

// Pings a pairing's peer, by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.ping({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

// Disconnects/Removes a pairing, by providing the pairing topic.
await sdkClient.core.pairing.disconnect({ topic: "1b3eda3f4..." })

Listeners for pairing-related events

The Pairing API currently emits the following events:

• pairing_ping
• pairing_delete
• pairing_expire

Any of these events can be listened for via the standard Node EventEmitter interface:

sdkClient.core.pairing.events.on('pairing_delete', ({ id, topic }) => {
  // clean up after the pairing for `topic` was deleted.
})

.NET

Pairing Wallet Usage

When paring a wallet with a dapp, the user needs to scan a QR code or open a deep link generated by the dapp. Grab the string from the scanned QR code string or from the deep link and call the Pair() function as follows.

var uri = "...";
PairingStruct pairingData = await core.Pairing.Pair(uri);

Now the wallet and a dapp have a secure communication channel that will be used by top level APIs.

Pairing Dapp Usage

In order to pair dapp and a wallet, dapp needs to generate and share a uri with wallet. To generate a uri call create() function on Pair instance as follows.

var pairData = await core.Pairing.Create();
string topic = pairData.Topic;
string uri = pairData.Uri;

Now you can share the uri with the wallet either through a QR Code or by using a deep link.

Message Sending / Handling

Once a wallet and dapp has been paired, they can send messages securely to the pairing topic.

Requests can be received from the dapp by handling the message callback in the MessageHandler module.

core.MessageHandler.MessageEventHandler<MyRequest, MyResponse>()
    .FilterRequests(r => r.Topic == pairingData.Topic)
    .OnRequest +=
		async delegate(RequestEventArgs<MyRequest, MyResponse> eventArgs)
		{
		    Console.WriteLine(eventArgs.Request);
		    eventArgs.Response = new MyResponse()
		    {
		        // ...
		    };
		};

A response can be sent for any request by setting the Response field in the eventArgs parameter.

Receiving responses is handled the same way, but instead of the OnRequest event you would use the OnResponse event.

Request, Responses and Errors can be sent using the SendRequest , SendResult and SendError functions in the MessageHandler module.

long id = await core.MessageHandler.SendRequest<MyRequest, MyResponse>(pairingTopic, data);